Patterns of Cultural Identity

Discovering Symbols of Culture and Identity

Text by DIYORA GULYAMOVA

Photos by OYJON KHAYRULLAEVA

Ornaments play a crucial role in the cultural identity of the Uzbek people. Since ancient times, women have created embroidered items to decorate homes and bring warmth. These patterns adorn traditional clothing, including zardozi (golden sewing), textiles like suzani (decorative embroidery), jewellery, ceramics, and architecture.

Traditional techniques include embroidery, painting, wood and stone carving, and metal hammering, using materials such as silk, cotton, wood, metal, and ceramics.

In mosque architecture, ornaments embody spirituality and religiosity. Decorative elements, including Islamic calligraphy, adorn walls, domes, and arches, create a sanctity atmosphere. Notable examples like the Kalta Minor Minaret in Khiva and the Tilla Kari Madrasah in Samarkand illustrate this spiritual essence. These designs often carry profound meanings, reflecting Islam’s teachings through verses from the Qur'an, Hadiths, and expressions of goodwill.

Uzbek ornaments can be categorised into three main types: plant, geometric, and zoomorphic. Plant ornaments symbolize the earthly beginning, geometric ornaments express divine perfection, and zoomorphic designs often blend with plant motifs.

Through these intricate designs, Uzbek ornaments beautify their surroundings and narrate a rich cultural identity and spiritual heritage unique to Uzbekistan.